Converting results
Details of how to convert your results into standard scientific nomenclature are
given here. This will allow you to directly compare your results with others tested
elsewhere.

Making contact:
Please note: to follow up a genetic link, only contact other individuals if you have an exact or close match on at least 20 markers AND the same or similar surname.

Without these pre-requisites, it is unlikely that you would be related.

Umlauted vowels and symbols
Ybase will accept and perform searches on special characters not in the twenty-six letter English alphabet. However, many researchers will not use character codes when performing surname searches.

To make sure your surnames are not overlooked, you may want to list your surnames with and without the character codes, making a reference in the ‘Additional Information’ box that the entry is duplicated and quoting the alternate Record ID.

Regional and Country Codes
The coding system used is that suggested by Rootsweb.com of which a full listing can be found here.

Marker/Loci nomenclature
There is a conversion page which describes how the different companies involved handle the marker nomenclature. There are also links to Oxford Ancestor and Family Tree DNA calculators to help you convert your markers into standard scientific nomenclature.

Hide/Disclose email and web address option
There is a facility to choose to hide or disclose your email and web addresses on the Full Record page for each record. If the option to hide is chosen, a small link appears to a ‘Contact Page’.

Other researchers may contact you through this form, giving their name, email address and a message.

The details are screened prior to an email being sent to the recipient, to prevent the sending of unsolicited commercial mail via the form.

389i and 389ii haplotype searches
Haplotype searches for other than exact matches may yield what appear to be unexpected results. The two markers DYS389i and DYS389ii are counted slightly differently to other markers in that, when counted, the repeat number for DYS389ii also includes the repeat numbers for DYS389i.

Therefore, what appear to be unexpected results may be seen although the results should be accurate, given that mutations can go up as well as down in varying combinations.


Haplogroups
You may add your haplogroup assignment (if known) and any additional haplogroup info.

For example, if there are any literature references or country information you think might be interesting to those wishing to find out about their 'deeper' ancestry, you can add them too.


The YAP marker
YAP = Y Alu Polymorphism, where Alu is a short stretch of DNA that has
managed to copy itself into numerous places across our chromosomes -
including the Y-chromosome. Basically, you either have it on your
Y-chromosome (YAP+) or you don't (YAP-).

YAP is a useful marker for attempting to split African and non-African
Y-chromosomes. It's most common in sub-Saharan Africa but has spread with
decreasing frequency across Northern Africa, Europe, Oceania, and Asia (it's
almost non-existent in Asia - apart from interestingly, Japan and Tibet).

The YAP marker is currently being tested by africanancestry.com in addition to 8 STR markers.